This module of WILDPro is designed to provide information on all aspects
of foot-and-mouth disease. The initial flowchart is designed to direct the user towards
different types of information. The "Disease" page contains editorial summaries
of the disease from a clinical viewpoint: pictures of lesions, information on
susceptibility, disease characteristics & diagnosis including clinical signs,
pathological findings etc, treatment & control, including vaccination. Linked from
these summaries are pages giving detailed reports from the literature, closely referenced.
The "Virus" page contains similar editorial summaries of the characteristics of
the virus, including the structure and identification of the virus, the host species
associated with the virus, its life cycle and transmission; physical and chemical factors
which affect the virus and its biogeographical - climatic range. Once again these
summaries are linked to detailed and closely referenced literature reports. The other
pages include:
- Import and Travel Restrictions –
measures taken by different countries to avoid importing FMD
- National Contingency Plans
- Control Options for stopping the virus
spreading, including consideration of different control options (e.g. slaughter,
vaccination policies, movement controls), how these options may be combined and
indications of the circumstances in which different control options may be applicable.
- Costs and Consequences of the disease and
its control, which considers the direct and indirect financial and other costs both of the
disease and of the various control methods
The final four overview pages consider:
- Culling and Carcass Disposal – all
aspects from deciding which animals to cull to advantages and disadvantages of burning,
burying etc.
- FMD Vaccination – information on the
vaccines which are available, their efficacy, discussion of their use in non-domestic
animals, discussion of risks and benefits of vaccination, descriptions of different
vaccination programmes, future vaccine developments.
- Quarantine and Disinfection provides
information on everything from movement restrictions for animals, people and vehicles and
the disinfectants which may be used, to the application of such disinfectants, along with
limitations and factors which may reduce the effectiveness of disinfectants.
- FMD Wildlife, Zoos, Pets and other Animals
discusses how different wild species may be affected and/or involved in spreading the
disease, together with consideration of susceptible zoo animals, vaccines which have been
used to protect zoo animals, and the concerns of owners of animals susceptible to FMD.
All pages are linked to detailed reports
from the literature, closely referenced, to provide a sound scientific basis for the
information contained in this module and a number of different documents which may
otherwise be difficult to obtain are included in full, linked from the relevant pages.
Acknowledgements
Editors:
Suzanne I Boardman (WIN)
and Debra C Bourne (WIN)This module
was provided at short notice due to the current urgent need for information in the United
Kingdom and worldwide. It provides information on the investigation, epidemiology and
control of Foot and Mouth Disease.
We wish to thank all those who have provided
information at short notice and who have encouraged us to undertake this marathon task in
Spring 2001. We particularly wish to thank the farmers and vets who have shared their
experiences and needs for information, together with the scientists and epidemiologists
who have advised on the factual content regarding species susceptibility, risk factors and
control measures, including vaccination.
Special mention and thanks are given to Dr Tim
Doel (Merial Animal Health Ltd), Dr Paul Sutmöller, Professor The Lord Soulsby of
Swaffham Prior, Dr F J Dein (National Wildlife Health Center), Dr Scott Wright (National
Wildlife Health Center), Dr Willem Schaftenaar (Rotterdam Zoo), Mr David Mallender (Great
North Eastern Railway), Mrs Mary Talbot-Rosevear (The Federation of the Zoological Gardens
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland), Dr Pat Klein (Humane Society of the United States)
and Miss Mary Brancker CBE.
Please note: The information in the CD-ROM
Module "Foot-and-Mouth Disease" v 3.0 was current on the date of printing (6th
June 2001). The on-line WILDPro Website version may be updated as new information
becomes available and should always be taken as the definitive version if reference is
made to WILDPro data. |
"Managing
Foot-and-Mouth Disease" was funded jointly by the
Wildlife Information
Network & Merial
Animal Health Ltd
with support from
Great North
Eastern Railway & National Wildlife
Health Center (USGS, USA)
Assistance in distribution was provided by the
The Veterinary
Record.
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